Today, since ketamine can produce minor hallucinogenic side effects in humans, it is used most often as a veterinary anesthetic. However, the drug does have valuable applications in human medicine, especially as an anesthetic for children and for individuals undergoing minor surgery. It may also ...
In humans, ketamine is mainly used as a general anesthetic, usually in combination with other compounds. However, it can also be used at sub-anesthetic doses as a sedative, analgesic, and bronchodilator although its dysphoric psychoactive side effects limit such use to emergency clinical situations...
Ketamine is a medication commonly used to induce anesthesia and loss of consciousness in humans and animals. This Schedule III drug is approved for use in hospitals and veterinary settings but is sometimes used illicitly for its hallucinogenic effects. When used correctly for legitimate medical reasons...
Because ketamine tends to increase or maintain cardiac output, it is sometimes used in anesthesia for emergency surgery when the patient's fluid volume status is unknown (e.g., from traffic accidents).Ketamine has a wide range of effects in humans, including analgesia, anesthesia, hallucinations,...
Ketamine’s acute effects on negative brain states are mediated through distinct altered states of consciousness in humans Laura M. Hack, Xue Zhang, Boris D. Heifets, Trisha Suppes, Peter J. van Roessel, Jerome A. Yesavage, Nancy J. Gray, Rachel Hilton, Claire Bertrand, Caroly...
Subanesthetic effects of the noncompetitive NMDA antagonist, ketamine, in humans. Psychotomimetic, perceptual, cognitive, and neuroendocrine responses. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994;51(3):199-214.PubMedGoogle Scholar 15. Schönenberg M, Reichwald U, Domes G, Badke A, Hautzinger M. Effects of ...
In humans, voluntary goal-directed action is accompanied by an experience of initiating and controlling the action, and through it, controlling the external world. This experience is referred to as the sense of agency. A disturbance in sense of agency may lie at the heart of psychotic symptoms...
Based on comparisons across species, the window of vulnerability to these changes is believed to correlate with exposures in the third trimester of gestation through the first several months of life, but may extend out to approximately 3 years of age in humans. In primates, exposure to 3 hours...
dose 0.45mg/kg vs (R)-ketamine at 1.8mg/kg (Hashimoto, 2019). (S)-Ketamine increases glucose utilization in various brain areas, including the frontal cortex and thalamus, whereas (R)-ketamine suppresses glucose metabolism (Hashimoto, 2019), although more comparative studies in humans are ...
However, based on the available data, the window of vulnerability to these changes is believed to correlate with exposures in the third trimester of gestation through the first several months of life, but may extend out to approximately three years of age in humans [see Use in Specific ...