Uses Side Effects Precautions Interactions Dosing Reviews (42) Overview Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a chemical that is made by the body. It provides energy when not enough carbohydrates or sugars have been eaten. BHB can also be made in the lab and taken as a supplement. It seems to help...
Due to dosing difficulty and side effects, regular use was discontinued. Medical uses include treating sleep and alcohol disorders. In the 1990s, it was promoted as a supplement and taken to improve mood and sex. GHB and its analogs (gamma butyrolactone and butanediol) were widely available ...
GHB has a bidirectional effect on the GABABR [85], leading to opposite effects: an increasing (stimulating) effect on one side and a decreasing (inhibitory) effect on the other side. This effect depends on the localization of the GABABR and the type of the G-protein-dependent ion inwardly ...
Metrics Abstract Aging is a universal process that renders individuals vulnerable to many diseases. Although this process is irreversible, dietary modulation and caloric restriction are often considered to have antiaging effects. Dietary modulation can increase and maintain circulating ketone bodies, especial...
Oral DL sodium beta-OHB was tolerated without side effects. This first report on oral supplementation of DL sodium beta-OHB in two patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia demonstrates effective uptake across the blood-brain barrier and could provide the basis for further evaluation of ...
The advantages of localized delivery are reduced therapeutic dose, controlled release pattern and negligible side effects compared with systemic drug delivery [21]. Growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factors (FGF) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) ...
the process was optimized by assessing the effects of several factors such as the diameter of the reactor (d), the working volume (V), the aspect ratio (A), defined as the ratio between the height of the liquid inside the reactor and the diameter of the reactor, the superficialgas veloci...
Thus, the transferred proteins are protected from the inactivating effects of the organic solvents. Protein partitioning between the two phases depends on relative volumes of the two phases, polar solvent, ionic strength, pH, and presence of biologically active surfactants (Woll et al., 1987; Go...
Reported side effects included abdominal pain, constipation, dehydration, diarrhea, and vomiting/nausea. Median D,L-3-HB treatment duration was two years (IQR: 6 years). D,L-3-HB treatment was discontinued in 12 patients (52%).The strength of the current study is the international pooling ...
The PHB (or compounds) of the present invention may be administered at a dosage that reduces the microbial population while minimizing any side- effects. It is contemplated that the composition will be obtained and used under the guidance of a physician or veterinarian for in vivo use. Various...