The improved proliferation capacity was associated with an enhanced phosphorylation of Akt and ERK in the basal state and changes in the expression of key cell cycle progression markers involved in regulating transition of cells from the G1 to S phase (e.g., retinoblastoma (Rb) and p21). The...
The INS-1 cell line was used to measure the amount of insulin secretion in the culture medium, while the HSkMC cell line was applied to analyze the amount of glucose uptake and GLUT4, AMP and Akt gene expression. Also, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were used to assess plasma glucose...
In the absence of insulin, this integral membrane protein is sequestered within the cells of muscle and adipose tissue. Within minutes of insulin stimulation, the protein moves to the cell surface and begins to transport glucose across the cell membrane. Mutations in this gene have been associated...
Insulin increases glucose transport in fat and muscle cells by stimulating the exocytosis of specialized vesicles containing the glucose transporter GLUT4. This process, which is referred to as GLUT4 translocation, increases the amount of GLUT4 at the cell surface.Sano, HiroyukiPeck, Grantley R....
Structural components of the lipid raft microdomains; Characteristics of plasma membrane invaginations; Function of insulin in glucose uptake in striated muscle and adipose tissue.WatsonRobert T.ShigematsuSatoshiMoraSilviaShian-Huey ChiangKanzakiMakoto
In fat and skeletal muscle cells, insulin-responsive vesicles, or IRVs, deliver glucose transporter Glut4 and several associated proteins to the plasma membrane in response to hormonal stimulation. Although the protein composition of the IRVs is well studied, the mechanism of their formation is ...